Copyright: 2005 Eric von Hippel. Exclusive rights to publish and sell this book in print form in English are licensed to The MIT Press. All other rights are reserved by the author. An electronic version of this book is available under a Creative Commons license.

Table of Contents

Attribution

Acknowledgements

Democratizing Innovation

1 Introduction and Overview

2 Development of Products by Lead Users

3 Why Many Users Want Custom Products

4 Users' Innovate-or-Buy Decisions

5 Users' Low-Cost Innovation Niches

6 Why Users Often Freely Reveal Their Innovations

7 Innovation Communities

8 Adapting Policy to User Innovation

9 Democratizing Innovation

10 Application: Searching for Lead User Innovations

11 Application: Toolkits for User Innovation and Custom Design

12 Linking User Innovation to Other Phenomena and Fields

Notes

Endnotes

Bibliography

Book Index